Zahabu u Rwanda rutunganya yageze kuri toni 2,5 ku kwezi, rwinjira mu ikoreshwa rya ‘robots’ mu bucukuzi

Kuva kuri zahabu kugeza ku mabuye ya lithium ikomeje kuba imari ku isoko mpuzamahanga, u Rwanda rwashyizemo imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo umutungo kamere warwo wungukire abarutunze.

Mu Rwanda hacukurwa amabuye ya wolfram, gasegereti na coltan atunganywamo ibyuma ya tungsten, tin na tantalum, ari hagati ya toni 8000-10000 buri mwaka, zahabu Sapphire Lithium n’andi ndetse ubushakashatsi burakomeje.

Uretse ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, u Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga no mu bikorwa byo kuyongerera agaciro rushyiraho inganda zibikora na zo zikomeje kongera umusaruro.

Harimo urwa Gasabo Gold Refinery, rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 96 ku mwaka. Uyu ni umwaka wa gatandatu rukora iyi mirimo.

Umuyobozi warwo, Kayobotsi Bosco yabwiye IGIHE ko bagiye batera imbere muri iyi myaka ku buryo ubu bageze kuri 30% by’ubushobozi bw’uruganda, ibingana na toni 28,8.

Ati “Twatangiye dutunganya ibilo nka 600 ku kwezi, ubu tugeze kuri toni 2,5 ku kwezi. Imibare yagiye ikura, twavuye ku bilo 600, ibilo 800, ibilo 1200, ibilo 1500 kugeza aho tugeze ubu.”

Uretse u Rwanda, Kayobotsi yavuze ko zahabu batunganya iva ku bihugu bya Afurika ariko bitarimo intambara. Ati “Bifuza ko tubatunganyiriza zahabu. Ahantu RwandAir igera biroroshye kuzana na yo kuko u Rwanda rufite umutekano uhagije. Dufite ibihugu bitandatu bizana zahabu yabyo mu buryo buhoraho.”

Ni ibintu bifasha cyane, kuko nk’iyo ujyanye ku isoko amabuye adatunganyije uhomba inshuro nyinshi. Nka zahabu iba iri kumwe n’ifeza (Silver). Iyo idatunganyijwe babara zahabu gusa kandi ifeza na yo ubu ikilo kiri ku gaciro k’arenga 1800$ iyo yatunganyijwe. Iyo itatunganyijwe yitwa umwanda.

Zahabu itunganywa kugeza ku kigero cya 99,99%. Uyu munsi ikilo kigeze ku gaciro k’arenga ibihumbi 134$. Idatunganyije ushobora no kubona ku bihumbi 120$.

Kongera umusaruro byanjyanye no kongera abakozi. Ubu uru ruganda rufite abakozi 42 bahoraho bose bakaba ari Abanyarwanda.

Kayobotsi ati “Mu mwaka ushize twari kuri 20% ubu tugeze kuri 30% mu mwaka utaha twihaye intego yo tuzagera kuri 50%. Ubwo byaba ari nka toni enye kuri kwezi.”

Gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro kandi bikomeje gutera imbere no ku ya gasegereti atunganywa n’uruganda rwa LuNa Smelter rutanganya gasegereti rufite ubushobozi bwo gushongesha toni 360 buri kwezi.

Uru ruganda rwatangiye mu 2018/19, rutunganya toni 100. Imibare uyu munsi yarazamutse kuko rugeze kuri toni zirenga 250 za tin ku kwezi.

Umuyobozi w’agateganyo ushinzwe ibikorwa muri LuNa Smelter, Parfait Udakemwa mu kiganiro na IGIHE yagize ati “Umwaka utaha dufite gahunda yo kugera ku bushobozi bwo gutunganya tin ingana na toni 320 ku kwezi. Dutunganya ku kigero cya 99,95%. Ni nk’aho ari ku rwego rwa nyuma. Dutanga n’akazi kuko dufite abakozi 161.”

Gasegereti LuNa Smelter itunganya iva mu birombe byose byo mu Rwanda.

Muri LuNa Smelter imihigo iracyari yose, kuko mu myaka itanu iri imbere bafite intego yo kuzaba batunganya toni nka 600 ku kwezi, ibizajyana no kwagura uruganda, gushaka ibirombe n’ibindi. 

U Rwanda rwateye imbere mu bijyanye n’ubucukuzi. Rwavuye ku gukoresha inyundo n’ipiki, bigera ku mashini z’ikoranabuhanga, biva gupfa gucukura aho babonye, bigera ku gukora ubucukuzi bushingiye ku makuru ya nyayo yavuye mu bushakashatsi, ubu bigeze aho gukoresha robot.

Mu bisanzwe iyo imirimo igiye gutangira, mu bucukuzi, hari umukozi ubanza kugenzura niba indani (tunnels) zimeze neza nta hantu hateza ibibazo nta gaz n’ibindi.

Mu kwirinda ibyago byagwirira aba bantu babanza kujya kugenzura, u Rwanda rumaze hafi umwaka mu biganiro n’ikigo gikoresha za robots mu mirimo itandukanye kizwi nka Zora Robotics. Bigamije gutangiza ubugenzuzi bw’ibi birombe hisunzwe robots igenda nk’umuntu.

Zishyirwa muri iyi myobo iba yaracukuwe, bijyanye n’amakuru zahawe, zikagenzura ahantu hafite ibyago byo kuriduka, ingano ya gaz irimo n’ubwoko bwayo, uko abakozi bakora n’ibindi ku buryo abantu bakora bisanzuye.

Umuyobozi wa Zora Robotics, Benjamin Karenzi, yabwiye IGIHE ko bafite robot zirenga 60 ziri mu mirimo itandukanye, ari na yo mpamvu bashaka gutanga umusanzu mu bucukuzi.

Ati “Turashaka gutangira gukora ubushakashatsi. Mbere y’uko umuntu ajya mu kirombe tuzoherezayo robot, imenye uko imbere mu kirombe hameze, ahiyashije ihamenye, imenye niba ubutaka bukomeye, iduhe amakuru yose. Ikindi umukozi hari amasaha agomba kumara mu kirombe. Niba ari atanu, iyo ayarengeje, robot izajya itubwira ko yarenze, turebe icyo twakora. Izajya inagenzura umubare w’abinjiye n’abasohotse, niba hari ababura ihite itanga amakuru dutabare hakiri kare.”

Izi robot zigiye gukoreshwa mu birombe by’u Rwanda zizaba zikoresha internet ya 5G. Zizasimbura umuntu mu mirimo itandukanye, zizajya inapima umuntu usanzwe, ku buryo izajya imenya niba umukozi ameze neza byo kujya mu kazi.

Uyu munsi iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa muri Afurika y’Epfo ndetse ryamaze gutanga umusaruro mu bijyanye no kugabanya impanuka zo mu birombe, no kongera abafatanyabikorwa kuko amabuye yakuwe ahatangiriza ibidukikije n’abantu barimo aba afite agaciro kanini kurusha ayacukuwe mu buryo butubahiriza amabwiriza.

Karenzi ati “Ni ibintu bisaba ishoramari rihambaye. Nko ku kirombe kimwe bishobora kuzatwara miliyoni nka 120 Frw.”

Ni ikoranabuhanga ryakirizwe neza na ba nyir’ibirombe barimo n’Umushoramari mugenzi wo mu Bwongereza washoye muri Power M yo mu Ngororero witwa Ray Power unayoboye uruganda rwa Power Resources International rutunganyiriza Coltan mu Karere ka Bugesera, rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 120 za coltan mu kwezi.

Ray Power yavuze ko kugira ngo bongere umusaruro bakwiye kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga ryose kugira ngo umusaruro wiyongere ariko ikiguzi kigenda ku mirimo kigabanywa.

Yavuze ko mu bindi bihugu, iri koranabuhanga rikataje, bityo ntako bisa kuba u Rwanda nk’igihugu gikomeje kuba urugero rwo guhanga udushya na rwo rwashoramo.

Ati “Iyo uteje imbere umutekano w’abagukorera, abakiliya bawe na bo baba bafite icyizere cyo gukorana nawe igihe kinini hanyuma bagashora imari. Abakiliya bacu bita ku bakozi bacu. Ntibaba bakozwa ibyo kubakoresha ikirenga, ahantu hadatekanye n’ibindi bibi. Tugomba kugaragaza ko tubyitaho, nitubikora twifashishije robot urumva ko bazishima, tugakomeza gukorana.”

U Rwanda rufite intego y’uko mu 2029 ruzaba rubarura umusaruro mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ungana na 2,2$. Gukusanya amabuye yose yacukuwe bikava kuri 40% bikagera kuri 80%.

Ibi bizajyana no gushakisha ibice birimo amabuye mashya. Muri Gicurasi 2025 u Rwanda rwamuritse uduce dushya twabonetsemo amabuye y’agaciro turi ku buso bwa hegitari 13.454 mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu, ndetse no mu minsi iri imbere biteganyijwe ko hazatangwa utundi.